Challenges of Islamic Religious Education in Pesantren: Integrating Traditional Values and Modernization Demands

Abstract

Pesantren, as a traditional Islamic educational institution in Indonesia, plays a crucial role in preserving religious knowledge and shaping students’ character. However, pesantren face various challenges, including maintaining traditional curricula while adapting to modern educational demands, integrating technology, and addressing the quality of teaching staff. This qualitative study explores the lived experiences and perceptions of pesantren educators, students, and administrators to understand the complex problematics of Islamic education within pesantren. Data collected through interviews, observations, and document analysis reveal how pesantren negotiate between tradition and modernity, striving to maintain religious authenticity while responding to global educational trends. The findings highlight that although pesantren have made strides in curriculum integration and pedagogical innovation, significant obstacles remain, such as limited resources and resistance to change among some stakeholders. The study contributes to the field of Islamic education by providing a holistic and contextual understanding of pesantren’s educational dynamics. It also offers practical recommendations for policymakers and pesantren leaders to enhance the quality and relevance of Islamic education, ensuring pesantren remain vital institutions in Indonesia’s educational landscape amid globalization and modernization pressures.