Tohirin, T., & Ahmad Ridla Syahida. (2026). The Relevance of Reward and Punishment in the Book of Asy Syamail Al-Muhammadiyah to the Discovery Learning Model for Adults. Al-Afkar, Journal For Islamic Studies, 9(3), 1012–1028. https://doi.org/10.31943/afkarjournal.v9i3.3360